Any given case of hyperkalemia may require different treatment. The severity of the elevated potassium and its complications, the patient, and other factors may be considered. These should be administered by professionals who have seen the diagnosis and can view the necessary information regarding the patient, and are not at-home cures for people who suspect they may have hyperkalemia (or even may have been diagnosed with it already). Below, several of the potential treatment measures are considered.

Calcium supplementation

This is generally given through a central venous catheter, since the calcium could cause phlebitis. Although it does not lower the levels of potassium in the individual's blood, it does lower the excitability of the cardiac muscle, which is an attempt to avoid cardiac arrhythmias. Other treatment methods are used in actual attempts to reduce the elevated potassium levels.

Dialysis

In cases that are severe or difficult to deal with, some potassium may need to be removed from the patient through dialysis. Dialysis is essentially artificial kidney function, part of which is maintaining a balance of water and minerals, one of which is potassium.

Bicarbonate therapy

This method is sometimes used in case involving metabolic acidosis, a serious process that if left untreated can bring on acidemia, and eventually coma and death. The bicarbonate ion is intended stimulate a cellular exchange.

Insulin

Injected by IV, generally accompanied by 50ml of 50% dextrose to avoid hypoglycemia in the patient, insulin is intended to be used in a process to change potassium ions into cells.

Prevention of hyperkalemia

In an attempt to stop hyperkalemia from recurring, certain prevention methods can be taken. A diuretic may be taken by the patient, and potassium in the diet may be lowered, along with stopping any offending medicines, if the patient can do so. Other methods may also be considered.